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A conservative estimate puts the total prison population around the world at 11.5 million. At any given time, a quarter of the world’s prisoners are pre-trial detainees.

Many of these pre-trial detainees are held in prisons for months or even years before their trial begins. The extended periods of detention can lead to loss of employment, accommodation, family-community ties, and deterioration in physical and/or mental health.

There has been a steady growth in the number of pre-trial detainees worldwide. Between 2000 and 2016, the total number of people in pre-trial imprisonment increased by at least 15%.

The U.S. has the highest incarcerated population at 2.1 million, and the highest rate of incarceration at 629 out of 100,000 people. This could be attributed to drug laws, bail policies and inadequate rehabilitation services.

On the other hand, India has the highest proportion of its prison population in pre-trial detention. Almost 75% of its prison population is awaiting trial due to the inefficient and under-resourced court system.

(Pre-trial detainee: Someone who, in connection with an alleged offence, has been deprived of their liberty following a judicial or another legal process, but not yet definitively sentenced)

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