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The Global Innovation Index (GII) 2021 ranks the state of innovation in 132 countries around the world.

The GII score is based on the following two sub-indices:

a) The Innovation Input Sub-Index:-
1) Institutions,
2) Human capital and research
3) Infrastructure
4) Market sophistication
5) Business sophistication

b) The Innovation Output Sub-Index:-
1) Knowledge
2) Creative outputs

Switzerland and Sweden have remained in the top three of the innovation ranking for more than a decade. Along with these two countries, the USA and UK have been in the top five for the past 3 years.

South Korea jumped to the 5th spot in the 2021 ranking, on the back of significant improvement in the Innovation Output Sub-Index.

China moved from 14th in 2020 to the 12th spot in the 2021 index on the basis of strong performance in the levels of patent registrations, trademarks and industrial designs by origin.

India also improved its ranking in the 2021 index. It is now placed at the 46th position, up two spots from the previous index. It is a leading ICT services (Information and communications technology) exporter in the world.
 

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