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The 2021 Global Health Security Index assesses 195 countries on their potential of fighting outbreaks of infectious diseases.

The overall score (0–100) for each country is a weighted sum of the six categories. Each category is scored on a scale of 0 to 100, in which 100 represents the most favourable health security conditions and 0 represents the least favourable conditions.

The six categories of assessment are as follows:
1) PREVENTION: Prevention of the emergence or release of pathogens, including those constituting an extraordinary public health risk.
2) DETECTION AND REPORTING: Early detection and reporting for epidemics of potential international concern.
3) RAPID RESPONSE: Rapid response to and mitigation of the spread of an epidemic.
4) HEALTH SYSTEM: Sufficient and robust health system to treat the sick and protect health workers.
5) COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL NORMS: Commitments to improving national capacity, financing plans to address gaps, and adhering to global norms.
6) RISK ENVIRONMENT: Overall risk environment and country vulnerability to biological threats.

According to the findings of the 2021 Global Health Security (GHS) Index, all countries remain dangerously unprepared to meet future epidemic and pandemic threats. No country scored in the top tier of the overall rating i.e 80.1 - 100.0. The average score of all the countries put together in 2021 was 38.9 out of 100 which is essentially unchanged from 2019 (40.2).
 

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