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 According to W.H.O, Dementia is a syndrome – usually of a chronic or progressive nature – that leads to deterioration in cognitive function (i.e. the ability to process thought) beyond what might be expected from the usual consequences of biological ageing. It affects memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement.

According to a study published in The Lancet Public Health, the number of people with dementia would increase from 57·4 million in 2019 to 152·8 million cases in 2050. Despite this large increase in the projected number of people living with dementia, age-standardised both-sex prevalence is supposed to remain stable between 2019 and 2050, with a change of +0.1%.

It is estimated that there were more women with dementia than men with dementia globally in 2019 (female-to-male ratio of 1·69) and this trend is expected to continue till 2050.

North Africa and the Middle East is projected to see the largest increase in dementia cases with an average increase of 367% between 2019 and 2050, followed by eastern sub-Saharan Africa at 357%. This can be largely attributed to population growth and population ageing.

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